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  1. import random
  2.  
  3. def monty_hall_simulation(trials):
  4.     stay_wins, switch_wins = 0, 0
  5.     for _ in range(trials):
  6.         # 随机分配奖品（0:山羊，1:车）
  7.         doors = [0, 0, 1]
  8.         random.shuffle(doors) 
  9.  
  10.         # 参赛者初始选择
  11.         choice = random.randint(0,  2)
  12.  
  13.         # 主持人排除一个山羊门
  14.         remain_doors = [i for i in range(3) if i != choice and doors[i] != 1]
  15.         host_open = random.choice(remain_doors) 
  16.  
  17.         # 换门策略：选择剩下的未开启门
  18.         switch_choice = [i for i in range(3) if i != choice and i != host_open][0]
  19.  
  20.         # 统计结果
  21.         if doors[choice] == 1:
  22.             stay_wins += 1
  23.         if doors[switch_choice] == 1:
  24.             switch_wins += 1
  25.  
  26.     return stay_wins/trials, switch_wins/trials
  27.  
  28. # 模拟10,000次实验
  29. stay_prob, switch_prob = monty_hall_simulation(1000000)
  30. print(f"不换门胜率: {stay_prob:.2%}，换门胜率: {switch_prob:.2%}")
Success #stdin #stdout 4.01s 14220KB
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不换门胜率: 33.38%，换门胜率: 66.62%
https://ideone.com/0Yj3zD
language:
Python 3 (python  3.12)
created:
3 days ago
visibility:
public

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